When we talk defense these days in the National Football League, it’s all about attacking the quarterback and creating turnovers — and the 3-4 front. Is it time to declare the 3-4 as the lead defense in the NFL, and if so, are teams going to be able to find enough talent to fill their rosters to fit the scheme? Today, we discuss. Matt Bowen
When we talk defense these days in the National Football League, it’s all about attacking the quarterback and creating turnovers — and the 3-4 front. Is it time to declare the 3-4 as the lead defense in the NFL, and if so, are teams going to be able to find enough talent to fill their rosters to fit the scheme? Today, we discuss.
The Rage of the 3-4
It doesn’t take a genius to see that the top two defenses in the NFL, the Pittsburgh Steelers and the Baltimore Ravens, are 3-4 teams. They blitz, they attack, they run multiple coverages, they find ways to get to the quarterback — and they arrive angry.
Zone blitzes, man-to-man blitzes and zero coverage blitzes (no safety help in the middle of the field) where they send the house.
Yes, we can call this a “copy cat” league because every coach steals and emulates success. When I was with Gregg Williams in Washington — Gregg is now the defensive coordinator in New Orleans — we were a 4-3 front that brought pressure like a 3-4 team. And when we watched tape in the offseason and started to install our zone blitz package, guess who we watched?

You got it — Dick LeBeau and the Steelers. They are the source for blitzes because they run them perfectly, and LeBeau — who could be called the “Godfather” of the zone blitz — puts his players in position to make plays on the football.
Sure, Williams is still a 4-3 guy, but a lot of his blitzes — especially on third downs when he uses a three-man front in sub packages — come from LeBeau’s teachings and Steelers game film.
But as Williams and Jim Johnson of the Eagles (who we all hope is healthy and ready for the ’09 season) have stuck to the 4-3 and enjoyed success, many others have switched in the recent past and are building their defensive rosters to fit the 3-4 scheme, hoping to turn their units into newer versions of the Steelers and Ravens.
Just this year, Green Bay hired Dom Capers to run the show on defense. The Packers and GM Ted Thompson responded by using two first-round draft picks on defensive talent exclusively for the 3-4 front: DT B.J. Raji of Boston College and LB Clay Matthews of USC.
In Kansas City, GM Scott Pioli selected Tyson Jackson out of LSU with the third overall pick in the draft. Some thought Jackson was a reach at No. 3, but he fits the Chiefs’ 3-4 front at defensive end, and even though there’s talk that they’ll be a “hybrid” 3-4 front, there’s a reason they drafted Jackson so high — he fits their scheme.
But as we watch teams like Kansas City select 3-4 talent high in the draft, is it time to worry that the talent pool is about to dry up as teams search for the proper personnel to fit the 3-4 scheme?
The Lack of Players
Earlier in this decade, the Tampa 2 scheme was all the talk of the NFL. Personnel departments drafted and looked across the wire for defensive linemen who could penetrate gaps, get to the quarterback without bringing added pressure and keep offensive lineman off their linebackers, who were built like oversized safeties — players who could run sideline to sideline and break on the football in the passing game.
But this is 2009, and the Tampa 2 scheme might as well have a “going out of business” sign hanging on its doors because of the 3-4.
However, as one NFC general manager said to me this past week, there’s an issue now when it comes to finding the personnel to fit the 3-4. In the past, teams were able to wait until the second day of the draft to find linebackers who could rush off the edge in the 3-4 front because the scheme wasn’t in style, not enough teams ran it and clubs could find the proper talent late — sometimes very late in the draft.
But that can’t happen anymore because as more and more teams start to play this defense, the overall talent pool is becoming scarce, just as it did when teams were looking for Tampa 2 linebackers. Those second-day linebackers and defensive tackles are now going on the first day in the draft or commanding big-time coin on the free agent market — and the Tampa 2 defenders are having a hard time finding work

Also, it has prolonged the careers of some players like DEs Kevin Carter and Vonnie Holiday — two ideal fits to play the “5” technique in a 3-4 front. Yes, they’re at the end of their careers, but because of the number of teams running the 3-4, they are still in high demand.
As we can see, the NFL works in cycles, and the teams at the bottom — and even the teams in the middle — want to be like the teams at the top. The Steelers won a Super Bowl running the 3-4, and the Ravens played in the AFC Championship running the 3-4.
There will always be coaches like Williams and Johnson who can bring pressure out of the 4-3 front, but when we talk defense in the NFL today, it’s hard not to bring the 3-4 into the discussion and easy to forget about the Tampa 2.
Welcome to the future of the NFL defense — for now.
first i think you have to determine if the 3-4 was developed because it was "defense on the cheap", or if it was because it could confound offenses more than the 4-3 or Tampa 2....
Matt, perhaps you could give a little discourse on the terminology of "3 technique" or "5 technique." I follow the game closely, but I guess I'm not up to snuff on my D Line lingo.
On this day, I'd like to give a quick remembrance of Richard Lehmann of Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin, who spent his 20th birthday on a troop carrier in the English Channel during the Normandy Invasion. I spent my college summers working on Dick's small farm, and each day always had enough time for a long lunch and stories. Dick's years spent marching across Europe were obviously the most profound experiences of his life. He passed a few years ago of old age, fortunately. I thank you, Dick, I miss you, and rest in peace.
A 5 technique defensive lineman has his nose on the outside shoulder of the offensive tackle I believe where as a 3 technique defensive lineman lines up in the middle of the B gap or outside shade of the guard.
Packer Pete,
The technique is simply where the lineman lines up (it could be in between o lineman or in front of them...etc).
You should be able to find charts anywhere online but here's a start. For example a nose tackle is a 0 technique.
http://en.allexperts.com/q/Football-Instruction-2069/defensive-line-play.htm
Haley and Pendergast have the Chiefs playing a 4-3 "under". The same D that the Cards ran.
But I'm sure they'll have some 3-4 sub pkgs.
Packer Pete,
Thanks for sharing the story of your friend, Richard Lehmann. Evey one should have the opportunity to know such men, and women.
I too knew two good man that did their duty when called, First was my Dad, served 8 yrs in the US Navy, 4 yrs prior to WWII and 4 yrs during, including being on board the USS Boggs during the attack on Pearl Harbor. My Dad passed in Feb. 1991. And then there is John Bert Houston, or JB as he prefers. This man did 20 years in the Marine Corps, was in combat in both Korea and Vietnam, Carrying a 30 pound radio along with all his other gear. He jokes that the tall orange flags used by bicycalist to make them better visible, was created by a radio man, after the long whip antennas on radios of the day, because it made him highly visible and what better target than a guy that can call in thunder from above.
Any way these two men inspired me in my youth, so much so, that 2 days after the bombing of the Marine Barracks in Beirut, I joined the Marines and served 8 yrs.
MOS, Oh Three Twenty One!
HooRahhh!
A whole article on the 3-4 defense, including a section on how the players are hard to come by, and you don't even mention the NT!?! The 3-4 NT may be the hardest position to fill on an entire football team. There are only a few men capable of playing this position and they are the key to success of the 3-4. More importantly they are the reason most teams will fail in converting to the 3-4. The Packers got theirs but other teams converting to the 3-4, such as the Broncos and Chiefs, will suffer from 5 yard runs up the middle all season long without a proper 2-gapper.
Even guys who we consider good 3-4 NTs cant hold up for a whole season because it is an insane position. Kris Jenkins is a perfect example, plays well most of the season but falls off late due to the intense grind that 3-4 linemen suffer through.
To any fans who's team has converted to the 3-4 and hasn't has success yet, good luck! The Packers are the only team to get the talent needed this year and another 7 or 8 teams are going to suffer because they lack 3-4 linemen. Its a style that can only work for a few team, not the dozen that will try to implement it this season.
Thanks, Jimbo, for the good link. I knew that the technique meant alignment position, but didn't know exactly where. A 5 technique puts the DE right over the OT. I had been searching for my answer at RocketScience.com, but I guess D Line alignment ain't rocket science!
If Carter and Holliday are so sought after, then how come both are still unsigned? They'll probably both eventually sign somewhere, which says that they're still useful, relevant, or some other adjective, but to say that they're in "high demand" seems silly for guys that have been twisting in the free-agency wind all the way into the last week in May, after teams have already started OTAs.
Dan, I was just thinking the same thing. Carter and Holliday may be in high demand once camp injuries start occurring but to paint them as in high demand now is over doing it a bit.
PK1987, you point out the biggest reason why the 3-4 Packers defense of the 80's-early 90's never dominated. They had decent enough LB'ers but never a dominant NT to tie up multiple OLinemen and the run D suffered because of it. Hopefully they've got it right this time.
PK 1987-
I know Raji is a talent, but he is still a rookie... I wouldn't count on anything until we see him play on a Sunday in September.
I think he has the ability, but rookies still take time to learn the pro game.
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May 25, 2009
08:41 AM
So with all the teams going to the 3-4, wouldn't it be wise to go to the Tampa 2 or another less in vogue defense? Then you would get the value for your money and draft picks that Pittsburgh and Baltimore received 10 years ago.